12. SATA

12.1. Introduction

There are 4 SATA ports and 1 M.2 SATA port on the ITX-3588J development board.

Precautions:

• Use the official 12V/7A power adapter, otherwise the SATA hard disk may not be recognized due to insufficient power supply.

• M.2 SATA interface, please select SATA protocol SSD instead of NVME protocol SSD

12.2. Software configuration

The available hardware resources of RK3588 SATA and the corresponding relationship between the sata controller node and PHY node on the software are shown in the figure: The 4 SATA ports and 1 M.2 SATA port on the ITX-3588J development board are all ports extended by the SATA PM expansion chip, which uses the RK3588’s SATA0 group of resources.

12.2.1. DTS configuration

Generally, configure the power supply pins in DTS according to the schematic diagram, select the correct sata controller node and PHY node to enable, and close the pcie controller node that is multiplexed with it.

There is the following configuration in kernel-5.10/arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3588-firefly-itx-3588j.dtsi:

/* sata pm */
&combphy0_ps {
    status = "okay";
};

&sata0 {
    status = "okay";
};

&vcc_sata_pwr_en{
    status = "okay";
    gpio = <&pca9555 PCA_IO1_2 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;  //PCA_IO 12
};

sata0：sata0 controller node

combphy0_ps：PHY node

vcc_sata_pwr_en：M.2 SATA power pin node

In kernel-5.10/arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3588s.dtsi, the pcie controller node that is reused with it has been turned off by default:

pcie2x1l2: pcie@fe190000 {
    ...
    status = "disabled";
    ...
};

pcie2x1l2：pcie controller node multiplexed with sata0

12.3. Mount

12.3.1. Auto mount

Format the hard drive to a usable format in the Android system interface to mount it automatically at boot

12.3.2. Command to mount manually

• Find device nodes

ls /dev/block/sd*                                 
/dev/block/sda

• Formatted as EXT4 file format

mkfs.ext4 /dev/block/sda

• Mount

mount /dev/block/sda /mnt/media_rw/

• View the mount path

df -h
/dev/block/sda               916G  24K  916G   1% /mnt/media_rw

or

cat /proc/mounts  | grep sda
/dev/block/sda /mnt/media_rw ext4 rw,seclabel,relatime 0 0

12.4. Read and write speed

The transfer rate of SATA3.0 is theoretically 6.0 Gbps. You can refer to the following commands to test the read and write speed:

• dd

# The path is modified according to the actual mount path
# Write 1G file
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
busybox dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/media_rw/41AD-09EA/test1 bs=1M count=1024 conv=sync
# Read 1G file
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
busybox dd if=/mnt/media_rw/41AD-09EA/test1 of=/dev/null conv=sync

• fio

# Using fio will format the hard drive
# Write
fio -filename=/dev/block/sda -direct=1 -iodepth 1 -thread -rw=write -ioengine=psync -bs=1M -size=200G -numjobs=30 -runtime=60 -group_reporting -name=mytes
# Read
fio -filename=/dev/block/sda -direct=1 -iodepth 1 -thread -rw=read -ioengine=psync -bs=1M -size=200G -numjobs=30 -runtime=60 -group_reporting -name=mytes