6. LCD使用¶
6.1. Config配置¶
AIO-3568J的SDK下kernel/arch/arm64/configs/firefly_defconfig已经把LCD相关的配置设置好了，如果自己做了修改，请注意把以下配置加上：
CONFIG_DRM_ROCKCHIP=y
CONFIG_ROCKCHIP_DW_MIPI_DSI=y
CONFIG_DRM_PANEL_SIMPLE=y
6.2. MIPI DTS配置¶
AIO-3568J的SDK有MIPI DSI的DTS文件：
kernel/arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3568-firefly-aioj-mipi101_M101014_BE45_A1.dts，此DTS文件为MIPI_DSI0+HDMI屏配置，MIPI_DSI1 默认关闭，接下来以此DTS中的DSI0配置作为范例来进行相关的LCD驱动介绍。
6.2.1. 引脚配置¶
从DTS文件中我们可以看到以下语句：
#include "rk3568-firefly-aioj.dtsi"
/ {
model = "AIO-3568J MIPI M101014-BE45-A1 + HDMI(Android)";
compatible = "rockchip,rk3568-firefly-aioj-mipi", "rockchip,rk3568";
...
}
&route_dsi0 {
status = "okay";
logo,rotation = "logo_rotation_270"; //support rotation 90,180,270
connect = <&vp1_out_dsi0>;
};
&video_phy0 {
status = "okay";
};
&dsi0_in_vp0 {
status = "disabled";
};
&dsi0_in_vp1 {
status = "okay";
};
/*
* mipi_dphy0 needs to be enabled
* when dsi0 is enabled
*/
&dsi0 {
status = "okay";
//rockchip,lane-rate = <1000>;
dsi0_panel: panel@0 {
status = "okay";
compatible = "simple-panel-dsi";
reg = <0>;
backlight = <&backlight>;
enable-gpios = <&gpio0 RK_PC7 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
reset-gpios = <&gpio0 RK_PC5 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
enable-delay-ms = <35>;
prepare-delay-ms = <6>;
reset-delay-ms = <25>;
init-delay-ms = <55>;
unprepare-delay-ms = <0>;
disable-delay-ms = <20>;
mipi-data-delay-ms = <200>;
...
panel-init-sequence = [
//39 00 04 B9 83 10 2E
// 15 00 02 CF FF
05 78 01 11
05 32 01 29
//15 00 02 35 00
];
panel-exit-sequence = [
05 00 01 28
05 00 01 10
];
...
};
};
...
&route_hdmi {
status = "okay";
connect = <&vp0_out_hdmi>;
};
&hdmi {
status = "okay";
};
&hdmi_in_vp0 {
status = "okay";
};
&hdmi_in_vp1 {
status = "disabled";
};
...
这里定义了LCD的控制引脚：
| NAME | GPIO | GPIO_ACTIVE |
|---|---|---|
| enable-gpios(LCD_EN) | GPIO0_C7 | GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH |
| reset-gpios(LCD_RST) | GPIO0_C5 | GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW |
在硬件信号上LCD_EN引脚高电平有效，而LCD_RST引脚是低电平有效，具体的引脚配置请参考《GPIO 使用》一节。需要注意的是AIO-3568J的dsi1中，LCD_EN:(PCA_IO0_7)使用的是PCA9555扩展芯片引出来的gpio，需要PCA9555 驱动起来以后才能控制该gpio。
6.2.2. 背光配置¶
在DTS文件中配置了背光信息，如下：
backlight: backlight {
status = "okay";
compatible = "pwm-backlight";
enable-gpios = <&gpio4 RK_PC5 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
pwms = <&pwm4 0 50000 1>; //pwm4:PWM number 0 50000:PWM period in nanoseconds 1:polarity
brightness-levels = <
60 60 60 61 61 61 62 62
62 63 63 63 64 64 64 65
65 65 66 66 66 67 67 67
68 68 68 69 69 69 70 70
70 71 71 71 72 72 72 73
73 73 74 74 74 75 75 75
76 76 76 77 77 77 78 78
78 79 79 79 80 80 80 81
81 81 82 82 82 83 83 83
84 84 84 85 85 85 86 86
86 87 87 87 88 88 88 89
89 89 90 91 92 93 94 95
96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111
112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119
120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127
128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143
144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151
152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159
160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167
168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175
176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183
184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191
192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199
200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207
208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215
216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223
224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231
232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239
240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247
248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255
>;
default-brightness-level = <200>;
};
enable-gpios：背光使能脚，高电平有效。
pwms属性：配置PWM，范例里面默认使用pwm4，50000ns是周期(20 KHz)，pwm为负极性。
brightness-levels属性：配置背光亮度数组，一般以值 255 为一个 scale，当 PWM 设置为正极性时，从 0~255 表示背光为正极，占空比从 0%~100% 变化，255~0 为负极性，占空比从 100%~0% 变化；当 PWM 设置为负极性时，反之。
default-brightness-level属性：开机时默认背光亮度，范围为0-255。
具体请参考kernel中的说明文档：kernel/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/leds/backlight/pwm-backlight.txt
6.2.3. 显示时序配置¶
6.2.3.1. Power on/off sequence¶
MIPI屏的上下电时序通常都在规格书的Power on/off sequence章节中，可根据规格书的上下电时序修改dts，panel节点中有如下属性:
&dsi0 {
status = "okay";
//rockchip,lane-rate = <1000>;
dsi0_panel: panel@0 {
status = "okay";
compatible = "simple-panel-dsi";
...
enable-delay-ms = <35>;
prepare-delay-ms = <6>;
reset-delay-ms = <25>;
init-delay-ms = <55>;
unprepare-delay-ms = <0>;
disable-delay-ms = <20>;
mipi-data-delay-ms = <200>;
...
};
};
mipi-data-delay-ms为10.1寸 M101014-BE45-A1 MIPI屏所需时序，调试屏幕时可根据本身上下电时序是否需要再配置此属性。MIPI上下电后需要发送初始化或退出指令才能使之正常工作，初始化和退出指令列表可以参考kernel/arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3568-firefly-aioj-mipi101_CZNB101862T.dts，列表如下：
&dsi0 {
status = "okay";
//rockchip,lane-rate = <1000>;
dsi0_panel: panel@0 {
...
panel-init-sequence = [
15 00 02 E0 00
15 00 02 E1 93
15 00 02 E2 65
15 00 02 E3 F8
15 00 02 E0 04
15 00 02 2D 03
15 00 02 E0 00
15 00 02 80 03
//15 00 02 4A 35
15 00 02 E0 01
15 00 02 00 00
15 00 02 E0 01
15 00 02 4B 04
//15 00 02 4A 35
15 00 02 00 00
15 00 02 01 66
//15 00 02 03 00
//15 00 02 04 6D
15 00 02 17 00
15 00 02 18 AF
15 00 02 19 01
...
];
panel-exit-sequence = [
05 05 01 28
05 78 01 10
];
};
};
范例dts中的init-sequence和panel-exit-sequence，只是配置了上电和下电指令, 其他的初始化指令已经烧录在M101014-BE45-A1这款MIPI屏的IC里，dts无需配置。接下来我们来看看上下电时序在驱动中的实现，
具体实现在kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/panel/panel-simple.c中：
static int panel_simple_disable(struct drm_panel *panel)
{
...
if (p->backlight) {
p->backlight->props.power = FB_BLANK_POWERDOWN;
p->backlight->props.state |= BL_CORE_FBBLANK;
backlight_update_status(p->backlight);
}
if (p->desc->delay.disable)
panel_simple_sleep(p->desc->delay.disable);
if (p->cmd_type == CMD_TYPE_MCU) {
err = panel_simple_xfer_mcu_cmd_seq(p, p->desc->exit_seq);
if (err)
dev_err(panel->dev, "failed to send exit cmds seq\n");
}
...
}
static int panel_simple_unprepare(struct drm_panel *panel)
{
...
if (p->desc->exit_seq) {
if (p->dsi)
panel_simple_xfer_dsi_cmd_seq(p, p->desc->exit_seq);
else if (p->cmd_type == CMD_TYPE_SPI)
err = panel_simple_xfer_spi_cmd_seq(p, p->desc->exit_seq);
if (err)
dev_err(panel->dev, "failed to send exit cmds seq\n");
}
gpiod_direction_output(p->reset_gpio, 1);
if(!p->enable_on_always){
gpiod_direction_output(p->enable_gpio, 0);
}
...
}
static int panel_simple_prepare(struct drm_panel *panel)
{
...
gpiod_direction_output(p->enable_gpio, 1);
if (p->desc->delay.prepare)
panel_simple_sleep(p->desc->delay.prepare);
...
gpiod_direction_output(p->reset_gpio, 1);
if (p->desc->delay.reset)
panel_simple_sleep(p->desc->delay.reset);
gpiod_direction_output(p->reset_gpio, 0); //由于驱动在控制reset脚时序的时候使用了`gpiod`这类的API
//如果在DTS配置了低电平有效，那么这里就会将reset引脚拉高，即取反。
if (p->desc->delay.init)
panel_simple_sleep(p->desc->delay.init);
if (p->desc->init_seq) {
if (p->dsi)
panel_simple_xfer_dsi_cmd_seq(p, p->desc->init_seq);
else if (p->cmd_type == CMD_TYPE_SPI)
err = panel_simple_xfer_spi_cmd_seq(p, p->desc->init_seq);
if (err)
dev_err(panel->dev, "failed to send init cmds seq\n");
}
if(p->desc->delay.mipi_data){
panel_simple_sleep(p->desc->delay.mipi_data);
}
...
}
static int panel_simple_enable(struct drm_panel *panel)
{
...
if (p->cmd_type == CMD_TYPE_MCU) {
err = panel_simple_xfer_mcu_cmd_seq(p, p->desc->init_seq);
if (err)
dev_err(panel->dev, "failed to send init cmds seq\n");
}
if (p->desc->delay.enable)
panel_simple_sleep(p->desc->delay.enable);
if (p->backlight) {
p->backlight->props.state &= ~BL_CORE_FBBLANK;
p->backlight->props.power = FB_BLANK_UNBLANK;
backlight_update_status(p->backlight);
}
...
}
uboot实现在u-boot/drivers/video/drm/rockchip_panel.c中的panel_simple_unprepare、panel_simple_prepare、panel_simple_enable
、panel_simple_disable 4个函数中，具体实现可以自己查看。
6.2.3.2. Display-Timings¶
display_timings在dts中定义：
disp_timings0: display-timings {
native-mode = <&dsi0_timing0>;
dsi0_timing0: timing0 {
clock-frequency = <72600000>;//<80000000>;
hactive = <800>;//<768>;
vactive = <1280>;
hsync-len = <14>; //20, 50,10
hback-porch = <26>; //50, 56,10
hfront-porch = <32>;//50, 30,180
vsync-len = <8>;//4
vback-porch = <20>;//4
vfront-porch = <80>;//8
hsync-active = <0>;
vsync-active = <0>;
de-active = <0>;
pixelclk-active = <0>;
};
};
相关的参数一般可以在屏的规格书中找到，如下在kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/panel/panel-simple.c的panel_simple_probe中初始化了获取时序的函数。
static int panel_simple_probe(struct device *dev, const struct panel_desc *desc){
...
panel->base.funcs = &panel_simple_funcs;
...
}
...
static const struct drm_panel_funcs panel_simple_funcs = {
.loader_protect = panel_simple_loader_protect,
.disable = panel_simple_disable,
.unprepare = panel_simple_unprepare,
.prepare = panel_simple_prepare,
.enable = panel_simple_enable,
.get_modes = panel_simple_get_modes,
.get_timings = panel_simple_get_timings,
};
...
该函数在kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/panel/panel-simple.c中定义：
static int panel_simple_get_timings(struct drm_panel *panel, unsigned int num_timings, struct display_timing *timings)
{
struct panel_simple *p = to_panel_simple(panel);
unsigned int i;
if (p->desc->num_timings < num_timings)
num_timings = p->desc->num_timings;
if (timings)
for (i = 0; i < num_timings; i++)
timings[i] = p->desc->timings[i];
return p->desc->num_timings;
}
详细说明可参考以下附件： Rockchip DRM Panel Porting Guide.pdf
6.3. EDP DTS配置¶
6.3.1. 引脚配置¶
AIO-3568J的SDK有EDP的DTS文件：kernel/arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3568-firefly-aioj-edp_M156X40.dts，从该文件中我们可以看到以下语句：
vcc3v3_lcd_edp: vcc3v3-lcd-edp {
compatible = "regulator-fixed";
gpio = <&gpio1 RK_PB1 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
enable-active-high;
regulator-name = "vcc3v3_lcd_edp";
regulator-boot-on;
regulator-state-mem {
regulator-off-in-suspend;
};
};
edp_panel: edp-panel {
compatible = "simple-panel";
status = "okay";
power-supply = <&vcc3v3_lcd_edp>;
enable-gpios = <&gpio1 RK_PA4 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
//bus-format = <MEDIA_BUS_FMT_RBG888_1X24>;
backlight = <&backlight>;
...
ports {
panel_in_edp: endpoint {
remote-endpoint = <&edp_out_panel>;
};
};
};
...
};
&edp {
status = "okay";
hpd-gpios = <&gpio0 RK_PC2 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
force-hpd;
ports {
edp_out: port@1 {
reg = <1>;
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
edp_out_panel: endpoint@0 {
reg = <0>;
remote-endpoint = <&panel_in_edp>;
};
};
};
};
这里定义了LCD的电源控制引脚：
| NAME | GPIO | GPIO_ACTIVE |
|---|---|---|
| vcc3v3_lcd_edp (LCD_EN) | GPIO1_B1 | GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH |
| enable-gpios(BL_EN) | GPIO1_A4 | GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW |
| hpd-gpios(EDP_HPD) | GPIO0_C2 | GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH |
具体的引脚配置请参考《GPIO 使用》一节。
6.3.2. EDP背光配置¶
因为背光接口是公用的，所以可以参考上述MIPI的配置方法。
6.3.3. EDP显示时序配置¶
不同于MIPI屏，EDP屏对上下电时序没有那么高的要求，当然主要还是要看调试屏幕的上下电时序图来配置，示例EDP屏只需要如下配置Display-Timings:
edp_panel: edp-panel {
compatible = "simple-panel";
status = "okay";
...
display-timings {
native-mode = <&timing0>;
timing0: timing0 {
clock-frequency = <140000000>;
hactive = <1920>;
vactive = <1080>;
hfront-porch = <40>;
hsync-len = <40>;
hback-porch = <80>;
vfront-porch = <16>;
vsync-len = <8>;
vback-porch = <16>;
hsync-active = <0>;
vsync-active = <0>;
de-active = <0>;
pixelclk-active = <0>;
};
};
...
};
display-timings同样在kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/panel/panel-simple.c中：
static int panel_simple_get_timings(struct drm_panel *panel, unsigned int num_timings, struct display_timing *timings)
{
struct panel_simple *p = to_panel_simple(panel);
unsigned int i;
if (p->desc->num_timings < num_timings)
num_timings = p->desc->num_timings;
if (timings)
for (i = 0; i < num_timings; i++)
timings[i] = p->desc->timings[i];
return p->desc->num_timings;
}
详细说明可参考以下附件： Rockchip DRM Panel Porting Guide.pdf