UART Use

Introduction

There are 3 uarts on AIO-3128C development board, which are uart0,
uart1, uart2.uart0 is used by bluetooth for data transmission. To use
uart0, the bluetooth must be disabled.uart1 is also multiplexed:

BT_HOST_WAKE/SPI_TXD/UART1_TX

BT_WAKE/SPI_RXD/UART1_RX

WIFI_REG_ON/SPI_CSN0/UART1_RTS

To use uart1, bluetooth and SPI must be disabled.

AIO-3128C uses SPI to bridge/expand the functions of four enhanced
serial ports (UART), which are UART1, RS232 (up), RS232 (down), and
RS485 functions. The RS232 (down) port hardware can be modified to TTL
function. Each UART has a 256-byte FIFO buffer for data reception and
transmission.


uart2 is generally used as debug port. It is also multiplexed with the
TF card, hence uart2 and TF card can not be used at the same time:

SDMMC_D0/UART2_TX

SDMMC_D1/UART2_RX

Both uart1 and uart2 have 32 bytes FIFO. Uart0 has double 64 byte
FIFOs for optimised for bluetooth use. All the uarts support 5/6/7/8
bit serial data communication in DMA-based or interrupt-based
operation mode.

Create DTS Node

The DTS node have already been created in file
kernel/arch/arm/boot/dts/rk312x.dtsi, shown as following:

   uart0: serial@20060000 {
       compatible = "rockchip,serial";
       reg = <0x20060000 0x100>;
       interrupts = <GIC_SPI 20 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
       clock-frequency = <24000000>;
       clocks = <&clk_uart0>, <&clk_gates8 0>;
       clock-names = "sclk_uart", "pclk_uart";
       reg-shift = <2>;
       reg-io-width = <4>;
       dmas = <&pdma 2>, <&pdma 3>;#dma-cells = <2>;
       pinctrl-names = "default";
       pinctrl-0 = <&uart0_xfer &uart0_cts &uart0_rts>;
       status = "disabled";}; 
   uart1: serial@20064000 {
       compatible = "rockchip,serial";
       reg = <0x20064000 0x100>;
       interrupts = <GIC_SPI 21 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
       clock-frequency = <24000000>;
       clocks = <&clk_uart1>, <&clk_gates8 1>;
       clock-names = "sclk_uart", "pclk_uart";
       reg-shift = <2>;
       reg-io-width = <4>;
       dmas = <&pdma 4>, <&pdma 5>;#dma-cells = <2>;
       pinctrl-names = "default";
       pinctrl-0 = <&uart1_xfer &uart1_cts &uart1_rts>;
       status = "disabled";};

Configure uart0

You need to enable uart0 and disable bluetooth in
kernel/arch/arm/boot/dts/aio-3128c.dts:

   &uart0 {
     status = "okay";
     dma-names = "!tx", "!rx";
     pinctrl-0 = <&uart0_xfer &uart0_cts>;}; 
     wireless-bluetooth {
     compatible = "bluetooth-platdata";
     ...
     status = "disabled";
   };

Configure uart1

You need to enable uart1 and disable both bluetooth and SPI in
kernel/arch/arm/boot/dts/aio-3128c.dts:

   //...
   wireless-bluetooth {
     compatible = "bluetooth-platdata";
     ...
     status = "disabled";
   };//...
   &spi0 {  
     status = "disabled";
   };
   &uart1 {
     status = "okay";
     dma-names = "!tx", "!rx";
     pinctrl-0 = <&uart1_xfer &uart1_cts>;
   };

Compile and Flash Kernel

Compile the kernel as followed:

   make firefly_defconfig
   make aio-3128c.img

After successful compilation, flash kernel.img and resource.img under
kernel directory to the development board.

Data Commuincation

You can now communicate with the uart (uart0 as an example here) via a
USB-to-serial adapter in your host PC. Follow the steps below:

(1) Connect the uart port.

Connect the TX, RX, GND pins of uart0 to the serial adapter's RX, TX,
GND pins respectively.

Note: if you are using the Firefly serial adapter, connect TX to TX,
RX to RX.

(2) Open a serial terminal in host PC.

Run kermit in a shell window, and set baud rate:

   $ sudo kermit
   C-Kermit> set line /dev/ttyUSB0
   C-Kermit> set speed 9600
   C-Kermit> set flow-control none
   C-Kermit> connect

/dev/ttyUSB0 is the device file of the PC's serial adapter

uart0 baud defaults to 9600

(3) Transmit data.

The device file for uart0 is /dev/ttyS0. Run the following command in
device:

   echo firefly uart test... > /dev/ttyS0

The serial terminal in the host PC will receive string "firefly uart
test...".

(4) Receive data.

First, run the following command in device:

   cat /dev/ttyS0

Then input string "Firefly uart3 test..." in the serial terminal. You
can see the same string received in the device.To change baud of
uart0, for example, to 115200, run the following command:

   stty -F /dev/ttyS0 115200